Course Outline: Indexing and Hashing: Basic Concepts, Ordered Indices, B+-Tree Index Files, B-Tree Index Files, Static Hashing, Dynamic Hashing, Comparison of Ordered Indexing and Hashing; Query Processing: Overview, Measures of Query Cost, Selection Operation, Sorting, Join Operation, Evaluation of Expressions; Query Optimization: Introduction, Transformation of Relational Expressions, Catalog Information for Cost Estimation, Statistical Information for Cost Estimation, Cost-based optimization; Transactions: Transaction Concept, Transaction State, Concurrent Executions, Serializability; Concurrency Control: Lock-Based Protocols, Timestamp- Based Protocols; Recovery System: Failure Classification, Storage Structure, Recovery and Atomicity, Log-Based Recovery, Recovery With Concurrent Transactions; Data Analysis and Mining: Data Mining, Decision tree, Bayes theory, Randomize tree; Database System Architectures: Centralized and Client-Server Systems, Server System Architectures, Parallel Systems, Distributed Systems, Network Types; Parallel Databases: Introduction, I/O Parallelism, Interquery Parallelism, Intraquery Parallelism, Intraoperation Parallelism, Interoperation Parallelism; Distributed Databases: Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Databases: Distributed Data Storage, Distributed Transactions, Commit Protocols; Additional should be included: Database Design, Database Tuning Security and Authorization, Multidimensional query.